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Liver Disorders

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Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH)

Inflammatory liver disease is caused by AIH. While the etiology of AIH is unknown, environmental agents, genetic factors, immunologic abnormalities and Hepatitis C are among the suspects causing this condition. Uncontrolled, AIH will progress to cirrhosis and end-stage liver failure.

Several types of AIH exist; type 1 is classic, characterized by antinuclear and anti-actin antibodies. Type 2 is less common and is seen more often in children. Markers include the presence of anti-liver kidney microsomal antibodies and the absence of anti-actin antibodies. Type 3 is least common and more prevalent in older female patients. It is marked by anti-soluble antigens.

Symptoms are variable and insidious. Some patients present with acute liver inflammation, malaise, anorexia, profound jaundice and menses abnormalities while others remain asymptomatic. Many have another autoimmune disorder. Seventy-five percent of patients are females between the ages of 10 and 40. Because AIH can appear as viral hepatitis, it is important to differentiate it from HVA and HBV.

Treatment includes corticosteriod therapy, which results in an 80 percent remission rate, and prednisone. Liver transplant is a long-term option.