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Liver Disorders

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Amanita Mushroom Poisoning

Amanita mushrooms are found in the wild and are poisonous. When eaten, they account for 95 percent of all mushroom-poisoning deaths. The liver, kidney and gastrointestinal tract are most affected; amanitotoxicity causes cellular necrosis. Nausea, severe abdominal pain and vomiting generally occur six to 12 hours after ingestion, followed by diarrhea lasting up to 24 hours. Jaundice, hypertransaminasemia, kidney failure and coma occur up to 48 hours with death at four to seven days after ingestion. Treatment includes fluid and electrolyte replacement, management of kidney and liver failure, and rapid removal of the toxin with charcoal and lactulose. Severe liver failure warrants liver transplant.